Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) Test

Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) Test, Stool Occult Blood, Fecal Occult Blood Test, FOBT, Guaiac-based FOBT, gFOBT, iFOBT, Hemoccult

This test detects the heme (blood) present in your stool.
This test is performed to screen for digestive tract bleeding, which may be an indicator of colon cancer.

A screening test for colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, colitis, polyps, and adenomas should be highly sensitive and highly specific for bleeding in the lower gastrointestinal tract, and should encourage patient compliance with obtaining a proper specimen. This test suffers from a number of drawbacks, leading to a reduction in their sensitivity as well as production of false-positive results. These drawbacks include:

• Detection of heme present in the stool, which can originate from bleeding anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract
• Inability to distinguish human heme from heme present in many foods, such as dietary meats
• Indiscriminate detection of peroxidase activity, which is present in a wide range of fruits and vegetables
• Reaction with drugs and other substances that can cause false-negative results

Some foods and medications can interfere with the test result, so you may be instructed to avoid them for a few days prior to testing. Since the heme part of hemoglobin is resistant to degradation in the intestine, these tests also detect blood from other areas of the digestive tract, such as from bleeding stomach ulcers and bleeding gums. They are therefore less specific than the immunochemical method (FIT) test that is designed to specifically will not detect globin from non-human blood such as found in beef and other meats, thereby making them superior to other tests.

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