Physiology of Micturition

I'm not a medical student or professional but I have studied human anatomy and physiology, neurology and human behaviour by myself for a number of years now. I'm so pleased with myself because I was able to follow most of the terminology you used and the basic structures. I now need to learn about the efferent and afferent nervous system and various receptors and what happens when the bladder is empty or full (as well as voiding) in more detail, and your video here is just perfect for me to stretch my understanding of the urinary system and micturition. Your drawings are outstanding, as is your commentary! I learned much from you - thank you very much!

😌💕

when ur father wants u be an *artist*
n ur mother wants u to be a *doctor*

~~ta-da~~

This channel is one of the best 🫶🏾❤️
Thank you for saving us

love your vids but I think females do indeed have an internal and external urethral sphincter

excelent and didactic

thank you a lot!

Thank you Armando ❤

Brilliant, can you make some videos about the results of spinal cord lesions at various levels

Good evening sir,But I would like to tell you that females do have internal sphincter located within the walls of the urethra

Better explanation than given in First Aid.
Thank you 👍 and pray for my exam..

Do females have internet spnecter. 🤔

What part of the system is messed up in shy bladder syndrome? That is, people are making an effort to pee, but they cannot due to psychological stress.

Thank you.

And back here again in my 2nd year of residency after the last time here was during my premed days, thank youuuu

An easy and well explained video.
Thanks from Bangladesh 🇧🇩

Thank you very much ❤❤❤❤

great

Not only does a lack of nutrition create a caustic situation for your bloodstream but then adding toxic kind of caustic heavily oxidated protein fats like saturated fat that's bad for you been treated with chemicals, this kind of erodes your arteries but it's not just your arteries your circulatory system goes throughout your whole body and you need the lymphatic system to pump those antibodies throughout your body and white blood cells you have to move your body to do that your limbs like your legs and your arms and as stated a lot of that blood flow is directly clean through those kidneys so your liver and kidneys can be highly taxed and as your blood flows caustically if it doesn't have a good pH it can literally erode your arteries and then the bad fats plaque it up to try and spackle those caustic potholes that they initially created, you don't even have good fats to repair it so it's just terrible you need lots of water alkaline blood lots of fiber fruits and vegetables and you need healthy Omega fatty acids and fish or you know an Omega substitute for something like fish that's packed high and niacin or like flaxseed barrage etc come out drink lots of water it's not that hard and then you need to move your body or at least an hour a day specifically for cardio you don't have to jog it doesn't have to be strenuous it just has to be consistent with the intention of walking at a moderate to brisk Pace you don't even have to pass walk and it's better if you get out in nature to do so I wish you'd let me I'm tired of f**** sleeping all the time having welts on my body and burning my feet at night

Acids like bad fats and sugars create acidic caustic pH scale to some extent and alkaline is created by Omega fatty acids healthy fats lots of water and fiber humps do that. This directly affects your blood cleaning organs so to speak like your liver and your kidneys, but blood sugar levels in your blood are specifically important to it. This would also be relevant when it comes to alcoholism which is essentially fermented sugar in concentrate which is terrible for your system.

@Armando Hasudungan
Does the female really have external spinchter?

Sir please answer me...
Does urine act as ecf for depolarisation of stretch receptor present in uri. Bladder if yes
Then how depolarisation occur as in urine k+ level is high???

very nice presentation sir.
kindly make a detailed video if possible for neurology students (like me) on bladder innervation, explaining the different parts and nucleus and levels of spinal cord involved as well as different types of neurogenic bladder and their mechanisms. that would be very helpful.

Is the pelvic afferent nerve ( 4th nerve ) is somatic or autonomic

Progress,

Are there any nerves that would sense a tingle/pressure/pleasurable sensation when you really have to pee close to the urethral opening that could be damaged in a cytoscopy or laproscopic hysterectomy?

I am one of oldest subscriber following since 2012

Very good job sir! Thank you👍

Thank you so much it's very helpful

I think females do have an internal sphincter although it is a less elaborate structure

After months of searching for answers as to why I have a myogenic bladder, could you possibly offer some insight to what causes that? Perhaps I could share with my doctor. I have seen an upwards of 15 different specialists and have had numerous invasive tests that have revealed nothing except a myogenic bladder. Thank you.

Very Interesting as well as your teaching skills are Excellent thank you.

very good.. thanks for the lecture

Excellent diagram and explaination

This was so helpful 🇿🇲

VERY interesting. No wonder it's so hard to stop peeing once you start - it's a feedback loop! The bladder muscle contracts, and that makes the nerves send a signal back to the bladder muscle telling it to contract, which causes the nerves send a signal back to the bladder muscle telling it to contract, which causes...

Hope that you also include how does the case of micturition syncope happen?

Amazing

Thank sir good explain methord more attractive methord

This Is the best video I've ever watched about micturition🙌🙌💯💯💯.. Thank You very much🤗.

Nice explaination

Hindi me bol chutiye

Well explained 👏

exceptional!!!
its strange that the micturition has remained the same after 7 years:))

To all men over 55: I had my prostate ( Pro ) removed in 2008 at the Planegg Urologische Klinik south of Munich and I got lots of information: Pro produces a protein called PSA ( Prostate Specific Antigen ). Women ( and I ) do not have that protein in their blood. The bigger the Pro is , the more PSA is produced. NORMAL PSA value is between 3 - 5 ( nano-gram PSA per milli-liter blood, not all laboratories can measure that small concentrations ). PSA is produced as well by normal cells in the Pro but also by CANCER-cells.
Thus an increase in PSA-value need not be cancer . . . In 2001 when I was 55 my doctor recommended that I started having my PSA measured once every year ( normal small blood-sample from the arm ) because the first year a Pro-cancer grows it is INCONSPICUOUS i.e. you feel or see nothing ( no blood in urine ).
My first PSA value in year 2001 was 5.5 i.e. 0.5 too high. Yet the doctor said it was OK as long as the value did not rise. Each year until 2007 , my PSA was 5.5 but October 2007 it was 8.5 .
For some strange reason the Pro starts to grow in old men. Mine was quite big, but my arms and legs didn't grow. An urologist can feel the size when pressing with his / her finger from the rectum. Pro is near one side of the rectum , the outside wall of the rectum of course . . . When pressing very hard my urologist said that he did not expect cancer because my Pro was soft. Cancer usually creates lumps that hurt under pressure. A relief for me: my high 8.5 PSA-value most likely was produced by benign tissue inside the Pro .
January ( winter ) 2008 I started getting trouble by urination. No pains just difficult passage especially in cold weather . . . In winter one can catch a cold and the nose swells and closes. All men over 60 years have several small chronic inflammations scattered in Pro ( I saw my own small nodules with inflammation after my Pro had been removed and sliced in laboratory. These nodules are NOT cancer ). Probably all these nodules swell in cold weather.
My urologist said that the "small" Pro-operation would probably be necessary. The small operation is made by introducing a catheter through penis and up to the Pro. Lots of lubrication is necessary on the catheter because there is some friction in the channel. The catheter has an optic-fiber sending green Laser-light ( don't ask me why the wavelength has to be green ) The light will melt inner parts of the Pro away so that urine can easily pass.
The catheter is expensive and cannot be re-used whereby some hospitals for saving money use a cutting steel-string instead of green laser. The "string" operation is old fashioned and gives a lot of blood .
My urologist said that before he made the small laser-operation, then the patient was always tested for cancer-cells in Pro , because if the cancer-tumor was still small , it could not be felt by his fingers nor seen with ultra-sound.
He had a long slim flexible instrument which can be introduced in rectum ( no pains and no laser ). At the tip of this catheter is a small short hollow needle that somehow can be tilted so that it's direction is perpendicular to the rectum, fine mechanics. Then the urologist "fires" the needle out though the wall of the rectum ( no pains , just a click ) and into the Pro-tissue.
Then he pulls the needle back from Pro , re-directs the needle to be flush with rectum and pulls out the instrument. Since the needle is hollow it now contains lots of cells from inside the Pro.
A nurse shakes the cells from the needle into a vial which is later sent to a laboratory. This click procedure is repeated 8 - 12 times where the needle is pointing in 8 - 12 different directions and heights into the Pro .
A couple of hours before this procedure the patient may well pump or blow in some CLEAN water ( no soap , no Chloride ) into rectum and colon and lie down for ten minutes before letting the water run out , otherwise the needle-procedure can be quite smelly .
Bad luck for me: in two of the needles the laboratory found cancer-cells. Good luck was that the nodules were small and six of eight needles free of cancer . . . I was operated ( the "big" Pro-operation ) by two surgeons in Planegg some weeks later . . . Many men get IMPOTENT by this operation because they arrive too late, the cancer is in an advanced stage. There are two NERVES creating erection: one leading to the left side of penis and the other to the right side. These nerves can close-off muscles so that blood can flow into penis but not out.
These nerves lie on the top surface of the Pro like two ELECTRIC CORDS on a table. If the surgeon can move these "cords" ( and everything else looks normal ) then these nerves can stay while the Pro and all connected lymph-nodes are removed . . . If the surgeon CANNOT move these nerves it is due to ingrowth of cancer tissue and everything has to be removed.
Thus those clinics promising that patients will not get impotent when operated in their clinic are lying, this is first ascertained during the operation.
There are two phases of Pro-cancer: first and second. In the second phase cancer cells have grown THROUGH the wall of the Pro and are spreading everywhere in the abdomen. The patient will not be cured by the operation.
Thus it is an exciting moment when the laboratory-report arrives a couple of days after the operation.
By me 14 years ago all cancer-cells was INSIDE Pro. Yet you don't feel like winning in Lotto, rather like having been nearly missed by a fast train. I will never forget the evening at midnight when the surgeon entered my room with the laboratory-report in his hand.
When Pro is out then the rest of the 15 centimeter long urethra is sewn directly to the bladder. Most men have two sphincters for urine. The "automatic" one is inside Pro , the other a bit further down and under will-control.
It took some months for me to train the second sphincter so that I did not have to use nappies. Thus all that remains today is a long scar below the navel, PSA-value zero and the memory of a man in a white coat at midnight with a letter in his hand.
I have heard ( ? ) that in some countries to save time and money Pro-operations are carried out with a "robot" ( a broad barrel which encloses the patient and has holes for instruments ) where the surgeons merely see the inner of the abdomen on a screen through optical fibers. I don't think it is possible to preserve the nerves for erection without open surgery ?

My main concern is the over growth bacteria may be in the bladder. after many years, major bladder construction. Using my stomach intestines can deteriorate from the lining of my walls right??

1.5x recommended

Thank you so much !!