4.1 A history of data capture

Face-to-face methods have been used for many years to create accounts of people for taxation or military reasons. Such examples show that data collection: takes time; requires methods appropriate to the purpose; will encounter opposition; and may be inaccurate. The postal method probably reached acceptance in the 1960s, while the telephone became important from the 1970s.In the late 1990s Internet-related services were used. Observation is an essential part of research and regular audits have taken place since the 1930s. This switched from human counting to mechanical observation as technology advanced. Another approach, mystery shopping, using participant observation, can be traced to the early 1970s. http://www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/orc/bradley2e

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